| Reaction | Coenzyme Form of Folate Involved and Single Carbon unit transferred | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Formate activation | THF; -CHO group transferred. | Generation of 10-formyl-THF |
| Purine synthesis | ||
| Formation of glycinamide ribonucleotide | 5,10-MethyleneTHF; -CHO group transferred | Formation of purines needed for DNA, RNA synthesis, but reactions probably not rate limiting |
| Formylation of aminoimidazolecarboxamide-ribonucleotide (AICAR) | 10-Formyl (CHO)THF;-CHO group transferred | |
| Pyrimidine synthesis | ||
| Methylation of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) | 5,10-MethyleneTHF;-CH3 group transferred. | Rate limiting in DNA synthesis |
| Oxidizes THF to DHF | ||
| Some breakdown of folate at the C-9–N-10 bond | ||
| Amino acid interconversion | ||
| Serine–glycine interconversion | THF; =CH2 group transferred | Entry of single carbon units into active pool |
| Homocysteine to methionine | 5-Methyl(M)THF; -CH3 group transferred | Demethylation of 5-MTHF to THF; also requires cobalamin, flavine adenine dinucleotide, ATP, and adenosyl methionine |
| Forminoglutamic acid to glutamic acid in histidine catabolism | THF; -HN-CH= group transferred |
Sunday, October 18, 2009
37 - Biochemical reactions of Folate coenzymes
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